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Analgesic activity was evaluated by measuring tail
2021-09-17
Analgesic activity was evaluated by measuring tail flick latencies to the immersion of rat’s tail in water, maintained at ∼51°C [18] after recovery from anesthesia. Typically, rats were immobilized inside a restrainer, leaving only the tail exposed, which was then immersed into the hot water bath, a
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We hypothesize that HBO increases GABA
2021-09-17
We hypothesize that HBO2 increases GABA activity at the GABAA receptor via a nitric oxide dependent mechanism. Blotting for the phosphorylated β3 subunit of the GABAA receptor should theoretically be increased when there is more GABA activity at the receptor (McDonald et al., 1998). We expected that
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br Conflict of interest br
2021-09-17
Conflict of interest Acknowledgments The research was funded by the Major Programs of Pharmaceutical research project of Jiangsu Province (Q2018044). Introduction Lipids are important regulators of cell death. In mammalian cells, both apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death pathways can be
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EdU is a thymidine analog that is
2021-09-16
EdU is a thymidine analog that is incorporated into replicated chromosomal DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle. DAPI is a fluorescent dye that binds strongly to A-T-rich regions in DNA and is commonly used for cell nucleus staining. We used the EdU incorporation assay, which is a highly sensit
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br Hepatitis C virus HCV infection is a
2021-09-16
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease that can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is estimated that nearly 200 million individuals worldwide are currently infected with HCV and it is the leading cause of liver transplants. The current standard
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The present studies show that despite the high level
2021-09-16
The present studies show that, despite the high level of GSTP1-1 achieved in transfected cells, GSTP1-1 expression has no effect on sensitivities to the cytotoxicities of the oxazaphosphorines 4-OH-CP, 4-OOH-CP, and maf in MCF7 Mifepristone (Fig. 4). The failure of GSTP1-1 to augment resistance indi
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Urinary hydroxypyrene OHP is a widely used biological marker
2021-09-16
Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) is a widely used biological marker of exposure to PAHs and indicator for internal dose of activated PAHs (Jongeneelen, 1987, Adonis et al., 2003). PAH metabolites may be excreted either as free or as conjugated compounds. When 1-OHP is measured after treating the urin
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Another important question is what ligand
2021-09-16
Another important question is what ligand(s) bind to GPR84 in vivo? Previous studies have identified medium-chain FFAs of 9 to 14 carbons in length and two other organic molecules (6-n-octylaminouracil and 3,3′-diindolylmethane) as agonists of GPR84 in vitro (Wang et al., 2006, Suzuki et al., 2013).
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Some biguanides can cross the mitochondrial membrane and inc
2021-09-16
Some biguanides can cross the mitochondrial membrane and increase L-lactate formation by inhibiting oxidative orthopoxvirus variola [34]. On the other hand, it has also been reported that levels of fasting plasma lactate in T2DM patients are similar regardless of whether or not metformin is adminis
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Interestingly zaprinast administration not only prevents
2021-09-16
Interestingly, zaprinast administration not only prevents the development of hypersensitivity but also enhances opioid effectiveness. Opioids have long been considered among the most effective drugs used to treat pain (Watkins et al., 2005; Mika et al., 2013; Szczudlik et al., 2014a, Szczudlik et al
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The top concern for the clinical use of CRISPR Cas
2021-09-16
The top concern for the clinical use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology is safety. Off-target alterations must be avoided to ensure genome integrity and proper cellular function. WGS found no off-target effects among the top 49 predicted off-target sites. WGS did find 4,658 indels and 1,891 SNVs in sgRNA1/2-
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To shed more light on the binding of
2021-09-16
To shed more light on the binding of benzophenanthridine to GlyT1, we studied how the replacement of certain residues around the sanguinarine sensitive cysteine 475 previously identified (Jursky et al., 2012) affects GlyT1 inhibition of by these alkaloids. Based on these results we propose a putativ
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br Acknowledgement This work was supported in part by grants
2021-09-16
Acknowledgement This work was supported in part by grants from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad from Spain (BFU2011-23034). Introduction The glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia emerged from observations in the 1960s that phencyclidine and similar psychotomimetic agents produce sc
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One may carefully evaluate the concept pancreas derived
2021-09-16
One may carefully evaluate the concept ‘pancreas derived GLP-1′ as this may dependent on the specificity of the PF-03814735 used in immunohistochemistry or radiommunoassays. If either a side-viewing antibody or a C-terminal wrapping antibody raised against GLP-1 is applied one may also identify N-t
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Fourthly the distribution sites after i c
2021-09-16
Fourthly, the distribution sites after i.c.v. injection of FAM-ghrelin(1–7)-NH2 were explored in mice using the technologies of fluorescence labeling. The green fluorescence of FAM-ghrelin(1–7)-NH2 was strongly distributed in these structures of lateral ventricle, lateral septal nucleus, dorsal part
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